Well as per speed tests conducted by YouTuber iAppleBytes show, iOS 11 beta 9 boots slower than iOS 10.3.3 on a range of older iOS devices including the iPad Air, iPhone 5s, and iPhone 6s. However, app opening times and app animations on the latest iOS 11 beta is significantly faster and smoother when compared to previous iOS 11 beta builds and even iOS 10.3.3.
In most benchmarks, the scores of devices running iOS 10.3.3 and iOS 11 beta 9 are within 1-2% of each other which is well within the margin of error. Thus, from a pure performance viewpoint, don’t expect iOS 11 to automagically make your old iOS device perform faster than what it has been doing all this time.